/*
 * Copyright (c) 2005, 2010, Thai Open Source Software Center Ltd
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
 * met:
 *
 *     Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *     Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
 *     the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 *     distribution.
 *
 *     Neither the name of the Thai Open Source Software Center Ltd nor
 *     the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote
 *     products derived from this software without specific prior written
 *     permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
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 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

package com.sun.tools.rngdatatype;

/**
 * Datatype object.
 * 
 * This object has the following functionality:
 * 
 * <ol>
 *  <li> functionality to identify a class of character sequences. This is
 *       done through the isValid method.
 * 
 *  <li> functionality to produce a "value object" from a character sequence and
 *		 context information.
 * 
 *  <li> functionality to test the equality of two value objects.
 * </ol>
 * 
 * This interface also defines the createStreamingValidator method,
 * which is intended to efficiently support the validation of
 * large character sequences.
 * 
 * @author <a href="mailto:jjc@jclark.com">James Clark</a>
 * @author <a href="mailto:kohsuke.kawaguchi@sun.com">Kohsuke KAWAGUCHI</a>
 */
public interface Datatype {
	
	/**
	 * Checks if the specified 'literal' matches this Datatype
	 * with respect to the current context.
	 * 
	 * @param literal
	 *		the lexical representation to be checked.
	 * @param context
	 *		If this datatype is context-dependent
	 *		(i.e. the {@link #isContextDependent} method returns true),
	 *		then the caller must provide a non-null valid context object.
	 *		Otherwise, the caller can pass null.
	 * 
	 * @return
	 *		true if the 'literal' is a member of this Datatype;
	 *		false if it's not a member of this Datatype.
	 */
	boolean isValid(String literal, ValidationContext context);

	/**
	 * Similar to the isValid method but throws an exception with diagnosis
	 * in case of errors.
	 *
	 * <p>
	 * If the specified 'literal' is a valid lexical representation for this
	 * datatype, then this method must return without throwing any exception.
	 * If not, the callee must throw an exception (with diagnosis message,
	 * if possible.)
	 *
	 * <p>
	 * The application can use this method to provide detailed error message
	 * to users. This method is kept separate from the isValid method to
	 * achieve higher performance during normal validation.
	 *
	 * @exception DatatypeException
	 *		If the given literal is invalid, then this exception is thrown.
	 *		If the callee supports error diagnosis, then the exception should
	 *		contain a diagnosis message.
	 */
	void checkValid(String literal, ValidationContext context)
		throws DatatypeException;

	/**
	 * Creates an instance of a streaming validator for this type.
	 *
	 * <p>
	 * By using streaming validators instead of the isValid method,
	 * the caller can avoid keeping the entire string, which is
	 * sometimes quite big, in memory.
	 *
	 * @param context
	 *		If this datatype is context-dependent
	 *		(i.e. the {@link #isContextDependent} method returns true),
	 *		then the caller must provide a non-null valid context object.
	 *		Otherwise, the caller can pass null.
	 *		The callee may keep a reference to this context object
	 *		only while the returned streaming validator is being used.
	 */
	DatatypeStreamingValidator createStreamingValidator(ValidationContext context);

	/**
	 * Converts lexcial value and the current context to the corresponding
	 * value object.
	 *
	 * <p>
	 * The caller cannot generally assume that the value object is
	 * a meaningful Java object. For example, the caller cannot expect
	 * this method to return <code>java.lang.Number</code> type for
	 * the "integer" type of XML Schema Part 2.
	 *
	 * <p>
	 * Also, the caller cannot assume that the equals method and
	 * the hashCode method of the value object are consistent with
	 * the semantics of the datatype. For that purpose, the sameValue
	 * method and the valueHashCode method have to be used. Note that
	 * this means you cannot use classes like
	 * <code>java.util.Hashtable</code> to store the value objects.
	 *
	 * <p>
	 * The returned value object should be used solely for the sameValue
	 * and valueHashCode methods.
	 *
	 * @param context
	 *		If this datatype is context-dependent
	 *		(when the {@link #isContextDependent} method returns true),
	 *		then the caller must provide a non-null valid context object.
	 *		Otherwise, the caller can pass null.
	 *
	 * @return	null
	 *		when the given lexical value is not a valid lexical
	 *		value for this type.
	 */
	Object createValue(String literal, ValidationContext context);

	/**
	 * Tests the equality of two value objects which were originally
	 * created by the createValue method of this object.
	 *
	 * The behavior is undefined if objects not created by this type
	 * are passed. It is the caller's responsibility to ensure that
	 * value objects belong to this type.
	 *
	 * @return
	 *		true if two value objects are considered equal according to
	 *		the definition of this datatype; false if otherwise.
	 */
	boolean sameValue(Object value1, Object value2);


	/**
	 * Computes the hash code for a value object,
	 * which is consistent with the sameValue method.
	 *
	 * @return
	 *		hash code for the specified value object.
	 */
	int valueHashCode(Object value);



	
	/**
	 * Indicates that the datatype doesn't have ID/IDREF semantics.
	 * 
	 * This value is one of the possible return values of the
	 * {@link #getIdType} method.
	 */
	public static final int ID_TYPE_NULL = 0;
	
	/**
	 * Indicates that RELAX NG compatibility processors should
	 * treat this datatype as having ID semantics.
	 * 
	 * This value is one of the possible return values of the
	 * {@link #getIdType} method.
	 */
	public static final int ID_TYPE_ID = 1;
	
	/**
	 * Indicates that RELAX NG compatibility processors should
	 * treat this datatype as having IDREF semantics.
	 * 
	 * This value is one of the possible return values of the
	 * {@link #getIdType} method.
	 */
	public static final int ID_TYPE_IDREF = 2;
	
	/**
	 * Indicates that RELAX NG compatibility processors should
	 * treat this datatype as having IDREFS semantics.
	 * 
	 * This value is one of the possible return values of the
	 * {@link #getIdType} method.
	 */
	public static final int ID_TYPE_IDREFS = 3;
	
	/**
	 * Checks if the ID/IDREF semantics is associated with this
	 * datatype.
	 * 
	 * <p>
	 * This method is introduced to support the RELAX NG DTD
	 * compatibility spec. (Of course it's always free to use
	 * this method for other purposes.)
	 * 
	 * <p>
	 * If you are implementing a datatype library and have no idea about
	 * the "RELAX NG DTD compatibility" thing, just return
	 * <code>ID_TYPE_NULL</code> is fine.
	 * 
	 * @return
	 *		If this datatype doesn't have any ID/IDREF semantics,
	 *		it returns {@link #ID_TYPE_NULL}. If it has such a semantics
	 *		(for example, XSD:ID, XSD:IDREF and comp:ID type), then
	 *		it returns {@link #ID_TYPE_ID}, {@link #ID_TYPE_IDREF} or
	 *		{@link #ID_TYPE_IDREFS}.
	 */
	public int getIdType();
	
	
	/**
	 * Checks if this datatype may need a context object for
	 * the validation.
	 * 
	 * <p>
	 * The callee must return true even when the context
	 * is not always necessary. (For example, the "QName" type
	 * doesn't need a context object when validating unprefixed
	 * string. But nonetheless QName must return true.)
	 * 
	 * <p>
	 * XSD's <code>string</code> and <code>short</code> types
	 * are examples of context-independent datatypes.
	 * Its <code>QName</code> and <code>ENTITY</code> types
	 * are examples of context-dependent datatypes.
	 * 
	 * <p>
	 * When a datatype is context-independent, then
	 * the {@link #isValid} method, the {@link #checkValid} method,
	 * the {@link #createStreamingValidator} method and
	 * the {@link #createValue} method can be called without
	 * providing a context object.
	 * 
	 * @return
	 *		<b>true</b> if this datatype is context-dependent
	 *		(it needs a context object sometimes);
	 * 
	 *		<b>false</b> if this datatype is context-<b>in</b>dependent
	 *		(it never needs a context object).
	 */
	public boolean isContextDependent();
}
